Tag: M.W=350-400

Huang, Wei published the artcileHydrogel formulation of phosphosulindac allows once-a-day ocular dosing and limits its biodistribution to the anterior chamber: Application to dry eye disease treatment, HPLC of Formula: 59973-80-7, the publication is Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology (2022), 102961, database is CAplus.

We report the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and metabolism of phospho-sulindac (PS) in a hydrogel formulation efficacious in dry eye disease (DED) administered once daily. PS 0.2% and 0.7% was studied in Dutch-Belted black and New Zealand white rabbits with and without DED. Levels of PS and its metabolites were determined by HPLC. The two rabbit strains gave similar results. PS and its metabolites were limited to the anterior chamber of the eye and undetectable in peripheral blood. DED did not affect the PK, biodistribution or metabolism of PS. Drug levels were dose dependent. PS had a rapid uptake (Tmax 15-30 min) and short t1/2 (0.6-0.9 h), being undetectable at 8h. Of the anterior chamber tissues, cornea and conjunctiva had >90% of the total PS. PS metabolism was rapid and complete, generating all its known in vivo metabolites, except for glucuronidation products. Rabbits with DED had 1.8-fold longer precorneal residence time of PS. The prolonged efficacy of PS despite its limited presence in ocular tissues suggests a vigorous downstream action suppressing ocular surface inflammation of DED. The properties of this formulation, especially the combination of superior efficacy with once-a-day dosing are a major improvement over previous formulations for the treatment of DED.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C20H17FO4S, HPLC of Formula: 59973-80-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Babbar, Naveen published the artcileCyclooxygenase-independent Induction of Apoptosis by Sulindac Sulfone is Mediated by Polyamines in Colon Cancer, Computed Properties of 59973-80-7, the publication is Journal of Biological Chemistry (2003), 278(48), 47762-47775, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Sulindac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory prodrug, is metabolized into pharmacol. active sulfide and sulfone derivatives Sulindac sulfide, but not sulindac sulfone, inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme activities, yet both derivatives have growth inhibitory effects on colon cancer cells. Microarray anal. was used to detect COX-independent effects of sulindac on gene expression in human colorectal cells. Spermidine/sperm-ine N¹-acetyltransferase (SSAT) gene, which encodes a polyamine catabolic enzyme, was induced by clin. relevant sulindac sulfone concentrations Northern blots confirmed increased SSAT RNA levels in these colon cancer cells. Deletion anal. and mutational studies were done to map the sulindac sulfone-dependent response sequences in the SSAT 5′-flanking sequences. This led us to the identification of two peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) response elements (PPREs) in the SSAT gene. PPRE-2, at +48 bases relative to the transcription start site, is required for the induction of SSAT by sulindac sulfone and is specifically bound by PPARγ in the Caco-2 cells as shown by transfection and gel shift experiments PPRE-1, at-323 bases relative to the start site, is not required for the induction of SSAT by sulindac sulfone but can be bound by both PPARδ and PPARγ. Sulindac sulfone reduced cellular polyamine contents in the absence but not in the presence of verapamil, an inhibitor of the export of monoacetyl diamines, inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. The induced apoptosis could be partially rescued by exogenous putrescine. These data suggest that apoptosis induced by sulindac sulfone is mediated, in part, by the COX-independent, PPAR-dependent transcriptional activation of SSAT, leading to reduced tissue polyamine contents in human colon cancer cells.

Journal of Biological Chemistry published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C20H17FO4S, Computed Properties of 59973-80-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Garcia, Agustin A. published the artcilePhase I clinical trial of weekly docetaxel and exisulind, a novel inducer of apoptosis, Formula: C20H17FO4S, the publication is Investigational New Drugs (2006), 24(1), 79-83, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Background: The objective of this phase I study was to determine the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination of weekly docetaxel and exisulind in patients with advanced solid tumors. Patients and methods: Patients with advanced or refractory solid tumors were treated with i.v. weekly docetaxel with daily oral exisulind. The following dose levels (docetaxel/exisulind) were explored: 30-mg/m²/200 mg po bid, 35/200, 35/250 and 40/250. Docetaxel was administered weekly for 6 wk followed by 2 wk off, and exisulind was taken twice daily. Each cycle was 8 wk. Results: Eighteen patients were enrolled in the study. All of them had received prior systemic therapy. Most patients had either melanoma or carcinomas of the upper gastrointestinal tract. A total of 31 cycles of therapy were administered. DLTs were grade 3 diarrhea, anorexia and fatigue and grade 3 cutaneous toxicity at dose level 4 (40/250). Myelosuppression was mild. Fatigue and gastrointestinal toxicity (anorexia, dyspepsia, nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea) represented the most common toxicities. However, grade 3 and grade 4 toxicities were uncommon. There were no treatment related deaths. No objective responses were observed and five patients achieved stable disease. Conclusions: The recommended dose for phase II studies is weekly docetaxel 35 mg/m² for 6 wk followed by 2 wk off in combination with oral exisulind 250 mg po bid. This combination is feasible and well-tolerated at these doses.

Investigational New Drugs published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C20H17FO4S, Formula: C20H17FO4S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Shureiqi, Imad published the artcileThe 15-lipoxygenase-1 product 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid down-regulates PPAR-δ to induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells, Quality Control of 59973-80-7, the publication is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2003), 100(17), 9968-9973, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Diminished apoptosis, a critical event in tumorigenesis, is linked to down-regulated 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) expression in colorectal cancer cells. 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE), which is the primary product of 15-LOX-1 metabolism of linoleic acid, restores apoptosis. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) transcriptionally up-regulate 15-LOX-1 expression to induce apoptosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors for linoleic and arachidonic acid metabolites. PPAR-δ promotes colonic tumorigenesis. NSAIDs suppress PPAR-δ activity in colon cancer cells. The mechanistic relationship between 15-LOX-1 and PPAR-δ was previously unknown. Our current study shows that. (i) 13-S-HODE binds to PPAR-δ, decreases PPAR-δ activation, and down-regulates PPAR-δ expression in colorectal cancer cells;. (ii) the induction of 15-LOX-1 expression is a critical step in NSAID down-regulation of PPAR-δ and the resultant induction of apoptosis; and. (iii) PPAR-δ is an important signaling receptor for 13-S-HODE-induced apoptosis. The in vivo relevance of these mechanistic findings was demonstrated in our tumorigenesis studies in nude mouse xenograft models. Our findings indicate that the down-regulation of PPAR-δ by 15-LOX-1 through 13-S-HODE is an apoptotic signaling pathway that is activated by NSAIDs.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C3H9ClOS, Quality Control of 59973-80-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Wong, Benjamin Chun-Yu published the artcileCyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (SC-236) suppresses activator protein-1 through c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, Product Details of C20H17FO4S, the publication is Gastroenterology (2004), 126(1), 136-147, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Background & Aims: Aspirin exerts antitumor effect partly through blocking tumor promoter-induced activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation. The aim of this study is to determine how specific COX-2 inhibitor SC-236 mediates antitumor effect by modulation of AP-1-signaling pathway. Methods: AP-1 transcriptional activity and DNA-binding activity were detected by luciferase reporter assay and gel shift assay, sep. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation was determined by Western blot and in vitro kinase assay. Antisense oligonucleotide against c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) was used to suppress JNK expression. Results: We showed that SC-236 inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (PMA)-induced cell transformation in a dose-dependent manner in JB6 cells. At a dose range (12.5-50 μmol/L) that inhibited cell transformation, SC-236 also inhibited anchorage-independent cell growth and AP-1-activation in 3 gastric cancer cells, independent of COX-prostaglandin synthesis. SC-236 down-regulated c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase phosphorylation and activity. Suppression of JNK activity reversed the inhibitory effect on AP-1 activity by SC-236 and suppressed gastric cancer cell growth, indicating that the inhibitory effect of SC-236 on AP-1 activation and cell growth was through interaction with JNK. Conclusions: The inhibitory effect on JNK-c-Jun/AP-1 activation contributes to the antitumor effect of COX-2-specific inhibitor, and inhibition of JNK activation may have a therapeutic benefit against gastric cancer.

Gastroenterology published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C7H16N2, Product Details of C20H17FO4S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Chiou, Shiun-Kwei published the artcileUp-regulation of GADD45α expression by NSAIDs leads to apoptotic and necrotic colon cancer cell deaths, Product Details of C20H17FO4S, the publication is Apoptosis (2009), 14(11), 1341-1351, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Growth arrest and DNA damage inducible 45 alpha (GADD45α) is a central player in mediating apoptosis induced by a variety of stress stimuli and genotoxic agents. Regular usage of nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as indomethacin and sulindac is associated with reduced risk for various cancers, including colon cancer. The role of GADD45α in NSAID-induced colon cancer cell cytotoxicity is unknown. In this study, we report that indomethacin and sulindac sulfide treatments up-regulate GADD45α mRNA expression and protein levels in colon cancer HT-29, RKO and Caco-2 cells. This up-regulation of GADD45α is accompanied by necrotic cell death and apoptosis. Anti-sense suppression of GADD45α expression inhibited indomethacin and sulindac sulfide-induced necrotic cell death and apoptosis. These findings confirm a role for GADD45α in NSAID-induced cytotoxicity, a mechanism for the anti-neoplastic effect of NSAIDs in colon tumorigenesis and cancer growth.

Apoptosis published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C20H17FO4S, Product Details of C20H17FO4S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Mathew, Bini published the artcileDiverse amide analogs of sulindac for cancer treatment and prevention, HPLC of Formula: 59973-80-7, the publication is Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2017), 27(20), 4614-4621, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Sulindac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has shown significant anticancer activity. Sulindac sulfide amide possessing greatly reduced COX-related inhibition relative to sulindac displayed in vivo antitumor activity that was comparable to sulindac in a human colon tumor xenograft model. Inspired by these observations, a panel of diverse sulindac amide derivatives have been synthesized and their activity probed against three cancer cell lines (prostate, colon and breast). A neutral analog, compound 79 ((Z)-N-benzyl-2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(4-(methylsulfinyl)benzylidene)-1H-inden-3-yl)acetamide) was identified with comparable potency relative to lead 1 and activity against a panel of lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Several new series also show good activity relative to the parent , including five analogs that also possess nanomolar inhibitory potencies against acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Several new analogs identified may serve as anticancer lead candidates for further development.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C20H17FO4S, HPLC of Formula: 59973-80-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Aono, Yuichi published the artcileSulindac sulfone inhibits the mTORC1 pathway in colon cancer cells by directly targeting voltage-dependent anion channel 1 and 2, Computed Properties of 59973-80-7, the publication is Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (2018), 505(4), 1203-1210, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Sulindac sulfone is a metabolite of sulindac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), without anti-inflammatory ability. However, sulindac sulfone has been reported to significantly reduce polyps in patients with colorectal adenomatous polyposis in clin. trials. Thus, sulindac sulfone is expected to be useful for the chemoprevention of neoplasia with few side effects related to anti-inflammatory ability. To date, the mol. targets of sulindac sulfone have not yet fully investigated. Therefore, in order to newly identify sulindac sulfone-binding proteins, we generated sulindac sulfone-fixed FG beads and purified sulindac sulfone-binding proteins from human colon cancer HT-29 cells and We identified mitochondrial outer membrane proteins voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) 1 and VDAC2 as novel mol. targets of sulindac sulfone, and sulindac sulfone directly bound to both VDAC1 and VDAC2. Double knockdown of VDAC1 and VDAC2 by siRNA inhibited growth and arrested the cell cycle at G1 phase in HT-29 cells. Depletion of VDAC1 and VDAC2 also inhibited the mTORC1 pathway with a reduction in cyclin D1. Interestingly, these effects were consistent with those of sulindac sulfone against human colon cancer cells, suggesting that sulindac sulfone neg. regulates the function of VDAC1 and VDAC2. In the present study, our data suggested that VDAC1 and VDAC2 are direct targets of sulindac sulfone which suppresses the mTORC1 pathway and induces G1 arrest.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C20H17FO4S, Computed Properties of 59973-80-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Tang, Yong-Jun published the artcileEffects of FMO3 polymorphisms on pharmacokinetics of sulindac in Chinese healthy male volunteers, COA of Formula: C20H17FO4S, the publication is BioMed Research International (2017), 4189678/1-4189678/7, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Sulindac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is clin. used for the ailments of various inflammations. This study investigated the allele frequencies of FMO3 E158K and E308G and evaluated the influences of these two genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of sulindac and its metabolites in Chinese healthy male volunteers. Eight FMO3 wild-type (FMO3 HHDD) subjects and seven FMO3 homozygotes E158K and E308G mutant (FMO3 hhdd) subjects were recruited from 247 healthy male volunteers genotyped by PCR-RFLP method. The plasma concentrations of sulindac, sulindac sulfide, and sulindac sulfone were determined by UPLC, while the pharmacokinetic parameters of the two different FMO3 genotypes were compared with each other. The frequencies of FMO3 E158K and E308G were 20.3% and 20.1%, resp., which were in line with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (D’ = 0.977, r2 = 0.944). The mean values of Cmax, AUC0-24, and AUC0-âˆ?of sulindac were significantly higher in FMO3 hhdd group than those of FMO3 HHDD group (P < 0.05), while the pharmacokinetic parameters except Tmax of sulindac sulfide and sulindac sulfone showed no statistical difference between the two groups. The two FMO3 mutants were in close linkage disequilibrium and might play an important role in the pharmacokinetics of sulindac in Chinese healthy male volunteers.

BioMed Research International published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C16H12O, COA of Formula: C20H17FO4S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Liang, Xiao published the artcileIdentification of Core Genes and Potential Drugs for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Based on Bioinformatics Analysis, Recommanded Product: Sulindac sulfone, the publication is DNA and Cell Biology (2020), 39(5), 836-847, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor in elderly men worldwide. Most primary PCas inevitably progress into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after androgen deprivation therapy. The mechanisms contributing to this progression are still controversial. In this study, functional module genes, DNA methylations, core regulators, and potential drugs in primary PCa and CRPC were explored by integrating a series of bioinformatics analyses. First, 588 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Combined with related genes, protein-protein interaction networks were constructed, and 22 and 14 significant modules were identified in primary PCa and CRPC, resp. More DEGs were identified in differentially methylated genes in CRPC modules. The hub genes in CRPC included CDC20 and CDK1. Moreover, core noncoding RNAs and transcription factors that significantly regulate CRPC modules were identified, including TUG1, MALAT1, E2F3, and MED1. Finally, the prediction of potential drugs for primary PCa and CRPC was also performed. Exisulind and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors were predicted as potential drugs for CRPC. The results of this study provide a new way for biologists and pharmacists to understand the potential mol. mechanisms of CRPC and also provide valuable references for drug redirection and new drug development for PCa.

DNA and Cell Biology published new progress about 59973-80-7. 59973-80-7 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is Sulindac sulfone, and the molecular formula is C20H17FO4S, Recommanded Product: Sulindac sulfone.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem