Category: 159-62-6

Wang, Jin published the artcileCharge trapping in the films blended with polystyrene and different cyano-substituted spirofluorenes organic small molecules, HPLC of Formula: 159-62-6, the publication is Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing (2020), 126(6), 451, database is CAplus.

We investigated the charges trapping and retention processes of the blend electret films of polystyrene and different cyano-substituted spirofluorenes organic small mol. material (PS/SFXs) by using at. force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy technologies. The series of blend films present a promising charge storage property and a potential application in the charge trapping memory devices. We focused on the influences of the prepared parameters and the storage conditions for the samples on their charge storage properties. We found that water mols. in the films will influence the injection and retention processes of the trapped charges in the blend PS/SFXs films. The enhanced localization ability of the trapped charges is observed in the film prepared with high annealing temperature The thicknesses of the films have an obvious effect on the charge injection process while having no discernible effect on the retention process. These results are very important for the studies of PS/SFXs in memory devices. The results show that the polarization and net charge transfer coexist for charge trapping in PS/SFXs films, while the symmetry of mol. structure of SFXs plays an important role in trapped charges stability.

Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C15H15OP, HPLC of Formula: 159-62-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Sun, Ming-Li published the artcileDimeric SFX host materials for red, green and blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices, Name: Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], the publication is Synthetic Metals (2014), 321-327, database is CAplus.

Two novel spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene]-based derivatives 23’ODSFX and 3’3’ODSFX, without possessing conventional hole- or electron-transporting units, have been synthesized by a simple reaction procedure and been demonstrated to be host materials for efficient and low-voltage blue, green and red phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (PHOLEDs). They showed good thermal stability with high glass transition temperatures (T_g) at 210 °C for 23’ODSFX and 138 °C for 3’3’ODSFX. Compared with SFX-based devices, the performance of 23’ODSFX-based devices increased nearly 20 times, although the difference of HOMO/LUMO levels and triplet levels between dimeric SFX and SFX was very small. The blue PHOLEDs based on 23’ODSFX and 3’3’ODSFX exhibited the same low turn-on voltage of ∼2.6 V, and maximum current efficiency (CE) of 21.7/12.9 cd cd A^-1, power efficiency (PE) of 19.5/11.5 lm W^-1, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 11.9%/7.2%, resp. It was evident that the different position linkage in host materials was closely relative to the device performance.

Synthetic Metals published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C19H21N3O3S, Name: Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene].

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Nogi, Keisuke published the artcileAromatic metamorphosis: conversion of an aromatic skeleton into a different ring system, Application of Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], the publication is Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) (2017), 53(29), 4055-4065, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Recent advances in the area of “aromatic metamorphosis”, where various aromatic compounds, such as dibenzothiophenes, dibenzofurans, and benzofurans, are transformed into a variety of ring systems using a multi-step strategy or ideally in one step has been reviewed.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C25H16O, Application of Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene].

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Liu, Kuan published the artcileSpiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene]-based hole transporting materials for efficient perovskite solar cells with enhanced stability, HPLC of Formula: 159-62-6, the publication is Materials Chemistry Frontiers (2017), 1(1), 100-110, database is CAplus.

Four spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (SFX)-based hole transporting materials (HTMs) functionalized with four-armed arylamine moieties located at different positions are designed and synthesized. These compounds exhibit HOMO (HOMO) energy levels of -4.9 to -5.1 eV and a hole mobility of 2.2 to 15 × 10^-5 cm² V^-1 s^-1 after doping. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on a methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃) active layer using one of these HTMs (mp-SFX-2PA) exhibit power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 16.8%, which is higher than that of the control devices based on benchmark spiro-OMeTAD under the same conditions (15.5%). PSCs based on mp-SFX-2PA exhibit better stability (retain 90% of their initial PCEs after 2000 h storage in an ambient atm.) than the control devices based on spiro-OMeTAD (retain only 28% of their initial PCEs). mp-SFX-2PA based devices employing a mixed formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI₃)/methylammonium lead bromine (MAPbBr₃) perovskite layer exhibit an improved PCE of 17.7%. The effects of arylamines and their location positions on device performance are discussed.

Materials Chemistry Frontiers published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C25H16O, HPLC of Formula: 159-62-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Bhanuchandra, M. published the artcileSynthesis of Spirocyclic Diarylfluorenes by One-Pot Twofold S_NAr Reactions of Diaryl Sulfones with Diarylmethanes, Category: naphthyridine, the publication is Organic Letters (2016), 18(3), 384-387, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Treatment of dibenzothiophene dioxides I (R¹ = R² = H; R¹ = 2-Ph, R² = H, 9-Ph; R¹ = 3-Cl, R² = 7-Cl; etc.) with cyclic diarylmethanes II (X = nothing, CH₂, CMe₂, O, S, R³ = H; X = S, R³ = OH, MeO, CF₃, Ph, etc.) in the presence of KN(SiMe₃)₂ resulted in the formation of fluorene-based spirocyclic tetraarylmethanes III in a single operation. The transformation proceeds via an intermol. S_NAr reaction of the dioxides with cyclic diarylmethylpotassium followed by intramol. S_NAr cyclization. This straightforward strategy provides a wide range of spirocyclic diarylfluorenes including unusual ones that are otherwise difficult to synthesize.

Organic Letters published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C25H16O, Category: naphthyridine.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Yang, Lei published the artcileTheoretical Studies on Novel Gridspiroarenes: Structures, Noncovalent Interactions and Reorganization Energies, Related Products of naphthyridine, the publication is Chinese Journal of Chemistry (2019), 37(9), 915-921, database is CAplus.

Organic semiconductor materials with low reorganization energy have various applications such as in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistor (OFETs) and organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, we have designed a new class of gridspiroarenes (GS-SFX and GS-SITF) with #-shaped structures, which have novel crisscross geometrical structures compared to widely used spirocyclic arenes-SFX and SITF. The structure electronic properties, adiabatic ionization potentials (IP_a), adiabatic electron affinities (EA_a) and reorganization energies (λ) of GS-SFX and GS-SITF have been calculated using d. functional theory (DFT) method. The calculated HOMO and LUMO spatial distributions suggest that GS-SFX and GS-SITF have better transport properties. The noncovalent interaction anal. shows the weak intramol. interactions between their arms. The results indicate that the reorganization energies of GS-SFX and GS-SITF are significantly reduced compared to the dimer structures-DSFX and DSITF. Furthermore, the GS-SITF1 which is one of the isomers of GS-SITF exhibits the lowest values for λ(h) (0.067 eV) and λ(e) (0.153 eV). Therefore, we believe the predicted structure, electronic property, and reorganization energy are good indicator for transport materials. This work has systematically studied the effect of gridization, which provides insights to design organic semiconductor materials with excellent charge transport properties.

Chinese Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C23H28N2O4, Related Products of naphthyridine.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Govindan, Venkatesan published the artcileLow-cost synthesis of heterocyclic spiro-type hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cell applications, Safety of Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], the publication is New Journal of Chemistry (2018), 42(9), 7332-7339, database is CAplus.

Four heterocyclic spiro-type hole transporting materials (HTMs) carrying a spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (SFX) (SFX-TPAM and SFX-TPA) or spiro[fluorene-9,9′-thioxanthene] (SFT) unit (SFT-TPAM and SFT-TPA) were synthesized through a low-cost facile route with high yields for perovskite solar cell (PSC) applications. In terms of absorption, these four compounds in the film state are all transparent at wavelengths longer than 430 nm, which is beneficial for allowing visible light to reach the perovskite active layer without being absorbed by the hole transporting layer (HTL). The photovoltaic performance of the inverted PSCs based on these small mol. HTMs with the device architecture of glass/ITO/HTL/CH₃NH₃PbI₃/C₆₀/BCP/Ag was tested. Only SFX-TPAM had its HOMO (HOMO) level matched with the valence band of CH₃NH₃PbI₃. The inverted PSC based on a dopant-free SFX-TPAM HTL achieves a power conversion efficiency of 10.23% under the illumination of standard one sun lighting, which is better than that (8.17%) of the cell based on dopant-free spiro-OMeTAD. The better photovoltaic performance of SFX-TPAM compared to spiro-OMeTAD may be due to the MAPbI₃ film deposited on it having better quality. These results indicate that the facilely synthesized, low-cost SFX based small mols. can be used as the HTMs for PSCs.

New Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C25H16O, Safety of Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene].

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Sun, Mingli published the artcileToward Eco-friendly Green Organic Semiconductors: Recent Advances in Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (SFX)-Based Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, HPLC of Formula: 159-62-6, the publication is Chinese Journal of Chemistry (2015), 33(8), 815-827, database is CAplus.

A review. Green organic semiconductors (GOS) have the four-element features, including biomass as stuffs, synthesis with the pot, atom and step economic (PASE) route, eco-friendly fabrication processes in aqueous phase, and recyclable devices, capturing the trend of organic electronics in the future. Herein, we reviewed the efforts that have been made on GOS by our group. We first made a brief introduction of organic (opto)electronics, followed by the design strategies of GOSs based on spirofluorenes. Concretely, we described the discovery of one-pot protocol to spirofluorenres and a pot-atom-step economic (PASE) platform of spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (SFX) for the mol. design of organic semiconductors, as well as a state-of-the-art nanocrystalline films with eco-friendly procedures. Then, we highlighted the progress on SFX-based organic semiconductors in the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) field. Finally, we conducted a summary on SFXs in OLED and an outlook on green semiconductors starting from biomass, via one-pot to spirofluorenes, to water-phase devices.

Chinese Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C9H9NO6S, HPLC of Formula: 159-62-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Wang, Jin published the artcileExcellent charge-storage properties of polystyrene/SFXs electret films by repeated contact with an AFM probe, Recommanded Product: Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], the publication is Physica Status Solidi B: Basic Solid State Physics (2018), 255(6), n/a, database is CAplus.

The stability of charges trapped by the single-contact and repeated-contact modes with at. force microscopy (AFM) probe for polystyrene/cruciformed spiro [fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (PS/SFXs) electret films is detected by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). The influences of the contact duration and number of contacts on the trapped charges are explored. We found that the contact duration and number of contacts are important factors to improve the trapping property. The repeated contacts between the AFM probe and the sample are a promising way to improve the stability of trapped charges in PS/SFXs. The possible mechanisms for improving storage properties are also discussed.

Physica Status Solidi B: Basic Solid State Physics published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C15H15OP, Recommanded Product: Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene].

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Zhang, Jinbao published the artcileThe Importance of Pendant Groups on Triphenylamine-Based Hole Transport Materials for Obtaining Perovskite Solar Cells with over 20% Efficiency, Product Details of C25H16O, the publication is Advanced Energy Materials (2018), 8(2), n/a, database is CAplus.

Tremendous progress has recently been achieved in the field of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as evidenced by impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCEs); but the high PCEs of >20% in PSCs has so far been mostly achieved by using the hole transport material (HTM) spiro-OMeTAD; however, the relatively low conductivity and high cost of spiro-OMeTAD significantly limit its potential use in large-scale applications. In this work, two new organic mols. with spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (SFX)-based pendant groups, X26 and X36, have been developed as HTMs. Both X26 and X36 present facile syntheses with high yields. It is found that the introduced SFX pendant groups in triphenylamine-based mols. show significant influence on the conductivity, energy levels, and thin-film surface morphol. The use of X26 as HTM in PSCs yields a remarkable PCE of 20.2%. In addition, the X26-based devices show impressive stability maintaining a high PCE of 18.8% after 5 mo of aging in controlled (20%) humidity in the dark. We believe that X26 with high device PCEs of >20% and simple synthesis show a great promise for future application in PSCs, and that it represents a useful design platform for designing new charge transport materials for optoelectronic applications.

Advanced Energy Materials published new progress about 159-62-6. 159-62-6 belongs to naphthyridine, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Spiro, name is Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene], and the molecular formula is C8H6ClF3, Product Details of C25H16O.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,8-Naphthyridine,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem